@aragot sorry for the delay in response. Unfortunately, there is not one answer per question. UPM does not currently handle installations or upgrades in clusters, this is currently handled by each product and the implementation varies from product to product.
In Confluence for example when the admin installs, uninstalls, or upgrades a plugin, the request is propagated across all nodes by Confluence.
Where as in Jira there are some differences, it uses the shared directory for installed plugins, each node looks to this directory and reads from it. Jira also needs to track plugins were present during when the zero downtime upgrade started, to prevent old nodes trying to load newer versions of Jira software and Jira service desk.